What is LUV's Intrinsic value?

Southwest Airlines Co (LUV) Intrinsic Value Analysis

Executive Summary

As of December 15, 2025, Southwest Airlines Co's estimated intrinsic value ranges from $10.34 to $72.00 per share, depending on the valuation methodology applied.

Valuation Method Fair Value (USD) Implied Upside/Downside
Discounted Cash Flow (10Y) $16.68 -59.5%
Discounted Cash Flow (5Y) $15.10 -63.3%
Dividend Discount Model (Multi-Stage) $22.59 -45.1%
Dividend Discount Model (Stable) $10.34 -74.9%
Earnings Power Value $72.00 +74.9%

Is Southwest Airlines Co (LUV) undervalued or overvalued?

With the current market price at $41.17, the stock appears to be significantly overvalued.

Understanding Intrinsic Value

Intrinsic value represents the "true" worth of a company based on its fundamentals rather than market sentiment. We've employed multiple methodologies to triangulate Southwest Airlines Co's intrinsic value, including:

  1. Discounted Cash Flow (DCF): Values the company based on projected future cash flows
  2. Dividend Discount Model (DDM): Values the company based on expected future dividend payments
  3. Earnings Power Value (EPV): Values the company based on its current earnings power, assuming no growth

Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)

The cost of capital is a critical factor in valuation models, representing the required return for investors.

WACC Component Low High
Long-term bond rate 3.9% 4.4%
Equity market risk premium 4.6% 5.6%
Adjusted beta 1.09 1.21
Cost of equity 8.9% 11.7%
Cost of debt 4.0% 9.1%
Tax rate 26.1% 26.4%
Debt/Equity ratio 0.31 0.31
After-tax WACC 7.5% 10.5%

Valuation Methods

1. Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation

Our DCF model projects cash flows over 5-year and 10-year horizons, with the following key assumptions:

  • Forecast Period: 5-year DCF and 10-year DCF
  • Terminal Growth Rate: 0.0% (range: 3.0% - 5.0%)
  • Discount Rate: 9.0% (range: 0.0% - 9.3%)

Key Projections:

  • Revenue growth from $27,483 (FY12-2024) to $40,649 (FY12-2034)
  • Net profit margin expansion from 2% to 4%
  • Capital expenditures maintained at approximately 9% of revenue
DCF Model Fair Value Enterprise Value % from Terminal Value
5-Year Growth $15 $9,007M 78.0%
10-Year Growth $17 $9,825M 61.1%
5-Year EBITDA $35 $19,441M 89.8%
10-Year EBITDA $33 $18,409M 79.2%

2. Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

The DDM values a company based on its expected future dividend payments. We used two approaches:

Multi-Stage DDM:

  • Current payout ratio: 105.0%
  • Stable payout ratio: 90.0%
  • Growth transition: 5 years
  • Cost of equity: 10.3%
  • Long-term growth rate: 3.5%
  • Fair value: $22.59 (-45.1% from current price)

Stable DDM:

  • Stable payout ratio: 70% (Low) to 90% (High)
  • Cost of equity: 11.7% (Low) to 8.9% (High)
  • Long-term growth rate: 2.5% (Low) to 4.5% (High)
  • Fair value range: $6 to $15
  • Selected fair value: $10.34 (-74.9% from current price)

3. Earnings Power Value (EPV)

EPV assesses a company's value based on its current normalized earnings power, assuming no growth.

EPV Component Value
Normalized Earnings $3,349M
Discount Rate (WACC) 10.5% - 7.5%
Enterprise Value $31,963M - $44,912M
Net Debt $1,200M
Equity Value $30,763M - $43,712M
Outstanding Shares 517M
Fair Value $59 - $85
Selected Fair Value $72.00

Key Financial Metrics

Metric Value
Market Capitalization $21291M
Enterprise Value $22491M
Trailing P/E 56.18
Forward P/E 38.12
Trailing EV/EBITDA 6.65
Current Dividend Yield 186.93%
Dividend Growth Rate (5Y) 22.98%
Debt-to-Equity Ratio 0.31

Investment Decision Framework

To determine the most reliable intrinsic value estimate, we weigh each valuation method based on:

  1. Forecast Certainty: DCF methods rely on long-term projections, while earnings power value focuses on current normalized earnings
  2. Business Model Alignment: Dividend models are more appropriate for mature companies with established dividend policies
  3. Historical Accuracy: How well each method has predicted fair value historically

Valuation Weight Matrix

Valuation Method Weight Weighted Value
Discounted Cash Flow (10Y) 30% $5.00
Discounted Cash Flow (5Y) 25% $3.77
Dividend Discount Model (Multi-Stage) 20% $4.52
Dividend Discount Model (Stable) 15% $1.55
Earnings Power Value 10% $7.20
Weighted Average 100% $22.05

Investment Conclusion

Based on our comprehensive valuation analysis, Southwest Airlines Co's intrinsic value is $22.05, which is approximately 46.5% below the current market price of $41.17.

Key investment considerations:

  • Strong projected earnings growth (2% to 4% margin)
  • Consistent cash flow generation
  • Historical dividend growth of 22.98%

Given these factors, we believe Southwest Airlines Co is currently significantly overvalued with the potential for long-term appreciation based on the company's growth trajectory and financial strength.